Spasmodic School of Poetry

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A term applied by Aytoun to a group of poets which included P. J. Bailey, J. Marston, S. Dobell, and Alexander Smith. Their works for a brief while enjoyed great esteem; this was largely destroyed by Aytoun's attacks and by his parody Firmilian (1854), which also satirized their critical champion, Gilfillan. Spasmodic poems tended to describe intense interior psychological drama, were violent and verbose, and were characterized by obscurity. pathetic fallacy, and extravagant imagery; their heroes (who owed much to Byron and Goethe) were lonely, aspiring, and disillusioned, and frequently poets themselves.

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