English Cosmos by Dr Mukesh Pareek

Mimicry, Ambivalence, and Hybridity Robinson Crusoe and Friday by Carl Offterdinge/public domain Daniel Defoe’s 1719 novel,  Robinson Crusoe , is a rich text for understanding the mechanisms of European colonialism and the relation between the colonizer and the colonized (represented by Crusoe and Friday). Defoe represents Crusoe as being the ultimate incarnation of an Englishman: industrious, self-determining, and ready to colonize natives. (See  Anglophilia ) Crusoe encounters a native and he names him Friday, teaches him English, the words of God, and slowly “civilizes” the dark-skinned native. (See  Colonial Education ) Although the novel forecloses any possibility of understanding Friday’s experience, a reader could start to wonder how Friday’s relation to Crusoe affects his own sense of identity. In the novel, we only see Friday as mimicking Crusoe and civilization–but what effects does this mimicry have on a colonized subject and psyche? And how does mimicry and hybridity affect

Non-Democratic 1. Saudi Arabia 2. United Arab Emirates 3. Qatar 4. Bahrain 5. Brunei 6. Morocco 7. Jordan 8. Venezuela 9. Cuba 10. Turkmenistan

In a world where ‘the freedom to be ourselves’ has become a new motto to life, everyone wants to be their own leader. But even in times like this, there are countries who lack basic human rights, who prevent one’s flight to a clear sky, where everything happens on orders and control of one unquestionable monarch. Democracy is the most popular type of rule because it keeps the people involved at every level and they decide what is and isn’t good for them. Whether one is born in the cruel hands of poverty or in a minority community that often goes neglected, democracy makes sure everyone is kept on the same page and tries to close the gap between rich and the poor. We cannot out rightly say that non-democratic policies always constrain people from living freely, but it is often the case. Have a look at these top 12 countries that have non-democratic governments and decide for yourselves.

Development of Prose in Romantic Age Introduction The period between 1780 and 1830 is popularly known as the Romantic Age. It is generally believed that the English Romantic Movement began in 1798, with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads. The Romantic Movement began as a reaction against the artificiality of the Pseudo-classics. ‘Return to Nature’ played a very important role in the revival of Romanticism. People were suffocated with the restricted rules and regulations. They were in search of freshness of Nature. They wanted to return to the free and refreshing life of the world of leaves and flowers. Chief characteristic of The Romantic Age The Romantic Revival is characterized by several characteristics such as;    Spontaneous overflow of Powerful Feelings in the poetry    Romantic Literature is marked by its subjectivity   Mysticism and beauty of the Universe    Pessimism in tone   Zest for beauties  The Romantic period specialized in poetry and we have greatest romantic poets

The Rape of the Lock   Alexander Pope The following entry presents criticism of Pope's poem  The Rape of the Lock  (written in two cantos in 1712, later expanded to five cantos in 1714, and slightly revised in 1717).  Modern critics consider  The Rape of the Lock  to be the supreme example of mock-heroic verse in the English language. Written in heroic couplets, the poem was most likely composed during the late summer of 1711 and first published in the May edition of  Lintot's Miscellany  in 1712. The original version of the poem contained 334 lines in two cantos. A more elaborate version appeared two years later, extending the poem to 794 lines in five cantos; a slight final revision was completed for the poem's inclusion in Pope's  Works  (1717). Inspired by an actual event,  The Rape of the Lock  recounts the circumstances surrounding the theft of a lock of a young woman's hair by an impassioned male admirer, which caused a rift between the families involved. The

First published anonymously in Lintot's  Miscellany  in May 1712, but revised, expanded, and published separately under Pope's name on March 2, 1714. To this edition Pope added the following dedicatory letter: To Mrs. Arabella Fermor Madam, It will be in vain to deny that I have some regard for this piece, since I dedicate it to You. Yet you may bear me witness, it was intended only to divert a few young Ladies, who have good sense and good humour enough to laugh not only at their sex's little unguarded follies, but at their own. But as it was communicated with the air of a secret, it soon found its way into the world. An imperfect copy having been offered to a Bookseller, you had the good nature for my sake to consent to the publication of one more correct: This I was forced to, before I had executed half my design, for the Machinery was entirely wanting to complete it. The Machinery, Madam, is a term invented by the Critics, to signify that part which the Deities, Angels,

BOOK 1 THE ARGUMENT This first Book proposes, first in brief, the whole Subject,   Mans  disobedience, and the loss thereupon of Paradise wherein he was  plac't :  Then touches  the prime cause of his fall, the Serpent, or rather  Satan  in the Serpent; who revolting from God, and drawing to his side many Legions of Angels, was by the command of God driven out of Heaven with all his Crew into the great Deep.  Which action  past  over, the Poem  hasts  into  the midst of things ,  presenting Satan with his Angels now fallen into Hell,  describ'd  here , not in the Center  (for Heaven and Earth may be  suppos'd  as yet not made, certainly not yet  accurst )  but in a place of utter darkness, fitliest  call'd   Chaos : Here  Satan  with his Angels lying on the burning Lake, thunder-struck and  astonisht , after a certain space recovers, as from confusion, calls up him who next in Order and Dignity lay by him; they confer of  thir  miserable fall.  Satan  awakens all his Le